Over the coming 30 years the global situation might evolve, and new challenges are expected.
Extreme weather events are expected to increase in both frequency and severity. Governments, municipalities and industries should be prepared to mitigate the effects that extreme weather conditions might have on communities and infrastructures [2].
The rapid urbanisation and mobility of people will increase the risk from infectious diseases, as sadly demonstrated by our current experience of the spread of coronavirus. Airports and airlines have proven to be highly impacted but still they may become a strategic asset supporting governments and public health institutions to detect, manage and contain infectious diseases.
Due to their strategic relevance, large public transport hubs like metro and railway stations, bus stations, airports and ports are considered a major potential target for terrorists. Terrorism will continue to be a major challenge for hubs, infrastructures and passengers.